Bourne Archive: Civil War: chronology
http://boar.org.uk/oriwxs5CivilWarLincs(chron.htm Latest edit 21 Apr 2011.
©2006 R.J.PENHEY
The Bourne Archive
Bourne History
The Civil War in
Chronology of Dates and Events
The purpose of this page is to bring notes together from various sources
to show any patterns of activity of which each detail may form a part.
Go to - References Chronology Years 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651
The
letters in bold refer to the following references:
B Birkbeck,
J.D. A History of Bourne,
(1976)
BB Bennett, S. & Bennett, N. An Historical Atlas of
BCW British Civil Wars web
site.
BT
Blois Turner, S. Sir Edward Lake’s Interview
with Charles I
CB
Brears,
C. A Short History
of
CD Davies,
C. Stamford and the Civil War
(1992) ISBN 1-871615-29-1
EB Encyclopaedia Britannica (1962)
FM Massingberd,
F.C. The
FNQ Sweeting, W.D. ed. Fenland Notes and Queries (late
nineteenth century periodical)
G Garner, A.A. Boston and the Great Civil War (1972)
ISBN 0-902662-56-2
H Holmes, C. Seventeenth-Century
IB Beckwith, I. The Civil War in
L
Linton, T. Where Did King Charles Sleep? in Really
LDB Anon. The Date Book for Lincoln and
Neighbourhood. (latest entries 1866)
M Martin, J.D. The Cartularies and Registers of
P Palmer,
A. & V. The
Chronology of British History from 250,000 BC to the Present Day.
(1992) ISBN 0-7126-2173-3
PR Foster, C.W. ed, The
Parish Registers of Bourne in the County of Lincoln 1562-1650, Lincolnshire
Record Society (1921)
PT Thompson,
P. The History and
Antiquities of
RJP Penhey, R.J. My own notes on the
subject. (See the reference mentioned.)
SG Gunton,
S. The History of the
SLHI The South Lincolnshire Historical Institute web
site (This site now appears to be closed. This information is therefore
un-referenced.)
SKG Gardiner, S.K. The
Constitutional Documents of the Puritan Revolution 1625-1660. 3rd Edition. Oxford University Press, (1906) Web page.
SR Reid,
S. All The King’s Armies. (2007)
ISBN 978-1-86227-380-1
V Varley, J. The
Parts of Kesteven: Studies in Law and Local Government. Kesteven County
Council (1974)
W1 Wikipedia: List of Ordinances and Acts of
Parliament of
WM3 Marrat,
W. History
of
WW Wheeler, W.H. A History of the Fens of
The bold
letters in the table are followed by the relevant page numbers or in the
case of FNQ, the article number.
(P) indicates Parliamentarian.
(R) indicates Royalist.
Maps of the distribution of control are included by
courtesy of Wikimedia
Commons.
Some of the places mentioned are located by links
to the Ordnance Survey
site by kind permission
of the copyright owner of these maps, Ordnance Survey. © Crown copyright.
If your computer blocks popups,
the Ordnance Survey map may not appear automatically. Click on the ‘go’ button by
the grid reference.
The following are links to a national Civil War
chronology (T), year by year. 1642: 1643: 1644: 1645: 1646: 1647: 1648: 1649: 1650: 1651:
The British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and
Protectorate (BCW) set of
chronologies 1638 to 60.
The British Civil Wars,
Commonwealth and Protectorate (BCW) Lincolnshire
actions.
There are links to documents dealing with this
period on the FNQ page.
In the following
Chronology table, click on < to go to the start of the previous year. Click on > to go to the start of the next year.
Click on * for Go to
options.
WW : Drainage schemes were produced in greater
number as the 17th century progressed, many coming to fruition in
the 1630s.
WW
128: Sutton Marsh granted to Duke of
Lenox with power to embank & inclose.
Aug 20 BCW : Scottish Covenanter army invaded
Nov 3 P
177: Long Parliament met
under leadership of Pym.
9 H
152: Sir John Wray presented a
petition re. loss of commoners’ lands.
19 H
152: Earl Lincoln [Theophilus Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln (1600-1667)]
presented a petition against Earl
Lindsey’s drainage scheme.
Apr H 153: Enclosures broken down in Pinchbeck.
16 H
142: Holes, MP for Grimsby, advocated war with Scotland and was expelled from
Parliament.
May 12 P 178: Strafford
executed.
July 1 SKG 33: First
reading of the bill drafted by the Bishop of Lincoln, on Church Reform, in the
House of Lords.
3 SKG 33: Second
reading of the Church Reform Bill.
Summer H 152-3: Serious unrest in Holland Fen (grid ref.
TF2347) & Lindsey Level over loss of rights. (See BB 72-3 for the drainage scheme areas.
For greater detail, see WW Chapter VII.)
Aug mid H
153-4: Harvest appropriated by Donington
(grid ref. TF207356) fenmen from land appropriated by
Lord Lindsey’s adventurers.
Nov 27 H
142: Palmer, MP for
H 143:
H 143:
Oct H 152: Sanderson preached against “covies of new doctrines spring up”.
Dec 27 SG 84: 12 bishops of whom the Bishop of Peterborough was one,
arrested, charged with treason and confined in the Tower.
WW 296-7: Vermuiden and Burrell produced
separate schemes for drainage.
early IB : Parliament appointed
Earl of Lincoln & Willoughby of Parham as lords lieutenant. The King
appointed Lord Lindsey as his lieutenant in
Jan 11 BCW : Sir John Hotham commissioned to secure the
magazine at
31 BCW : Hotham’s son and
the East Riding Train bands secured
Feb 23 BCW :
Mar H 154: Sheriff Heron confronted fen rioters at Boston.
Apr 23 BCW : Hotham refused entry to
28 FNQ
760: Report that Cromwell’s
forces smashed glass and organs in Peterborough Cathedral. (The year given is probably mistaken: Compare April 1643.)
29 SR 14: Having
summoned the train band at
29 SR 68: The
King was personally before
May H
145-6: Lincs became important in forming
a territorial link between Hull and the centre
of Parliamentarian power.
28 H
146: Lord
Willoughby of Parham (P) was newly appointed Lord Lieutenant of
28 H
146: Committee to implement the Militia Ordinance set
up.
30 BCW :
by end H 154-5: Drained
lands, in effect returned to fen. Authorities humiliated.
WW 207: ‘A little before
Edgehill’ commoners of East, West and Wildmore Fens near Boston demolished the
adventurers’ works after the latter had been in possession for 7 years.
Summer H 146-7: Allegiances fragmented in
Jun H155: Reversal of fen drainage spread to Axholme
and the Marsh.
IB : Lord Willoughby
(P) took the view of arms at
6 BCW : Parliament declared the Earl of Lindsey a
public enemy of the state, for supporting the King.
6 G 1:
7 G 1:
8 G 1:
10 G 1:
19 PT 81:
22 FNQ 760: Report of Royalist force rounding up
Parliamentarian raiders near Sleaford but the year is probably mistaken. In reality, 1643.
Jul 6 W1: Parliament
passed: Ordinance for raising 2,000 men for relieving
10 BCW : First military action of the war at Hull.
12 H
147: The king well received
in Lincoln.
12 H
148:
13 IB : The
King came in person to
14 IB : The
gentlemen of the county presented a petition to Parliament supporting the king
and subscribing 172 horses & men.
18 PT 81: High
Sheriff of Lincs petitioned Parliament to comply with the king’s wishes.
26 PT 81:
30 BCW : Siege of
Aug 1 BCW : The earl of Lindsey appointed
Lieutenant-General of the King’s army.
16 BCW : The King secured the arms and ammunition
of the
22 H
159: The king raised his standard at Nottingham. T. Lister (P) arrested at Colby Hall (grid ref. SK973609) by
the king’s orders.
24 G 12: Royalists
had news of the capture by Newarkers (R), of a train of 80 pack horses loaded
with ammunition intended for Manchester (P) at
25 IB : The King’s standard raised at
soon
after 25 IB : Royalist
officers raided Coleby Hall to arrest its occupants.
Gainsborough raised a force to protect its neutrality. Grantham checked its
weapons. A Royalist ship failed to land arms at Skegness. Parliament ordered
the raising of forces in Lincs. Cressy Hall was
garrisoned for the King by sheriff, Sir Edward Heron but he was taken prisoner
in a skirmish.
29 PT
82: News of capture of Royalists
landed from a ship at Skegness reached
Sep PT 83: Sir Edward Heron,
High Sherriff of Lincs captured and taken via
PT 81:
Early G 12:
1 PT 82: Royalist
gun-running ship brought into
1 FNQ
758: Bishop of Ely arrested and
similar activity around
2 P
179: Public stage plays banned by
Parliament nationally.
5 SR 15:
6 FNQ 1113: Royalists captured from ships at Skegness
arrived in
10 SR 14: Essex
(P) opened his headquarters at
13 SR 14: Faced
with opposition from centres at
19 PT 81: Newspaper
report of seizure of Royalist grain ship with Royalists from
20 SR 14: The
King arrived in
27 H
159: Parliament wanted
Oct 4 H
159: Sheriff’s house, Cressey Hall (grid ref. TF224304) had been fortified .
23 P
179: Battle of Edge Hill.
Lord Lindsey killed.
23 BT
190:
Nov early IB : Earl
of Newcastle (R) was reported as advancing on Lincs.
2 G 6:
22 G 6: Commons
allotted money for speeding Irby’s troops into
Nov/Dec H : Lord Willoughby of Parham (P) strong in
Dec beginning SR 82: Sir John Digby (R)
occupied
early H : In Lord
Lindsey’s (R) area (
9 G 6: Ireby (P) passed across the Humber to
mid H
160: J. Henderson (R) occupied Newark.
15 SR 82: A
Parliamentary Ordinance set up the Midland Association, incorporating the
shires of Leicester,
20 SR 82: Parliamentary
Ordinance set up the Eastern Association, initially incorporating Essex,
18 BCW : Royalist garrison of
[RJP : Henceforth, if not before
this, until May 1646, the lines of the A15 and A16 roads would be substitutes
for the
25 EB 16/362: Isaac Newton born at Woolsthorpe by
Colsterworth.
early IB : As Newcastle’s
army approached, Parliament ordered the raising of more forces to keep Lincs
out of Royalist hands.
Jan early BCW : First edition of Merurius
Aulicus.
H 161: Under Newark pressure, Gainsborough
fortified for the king.
early H 160: Royalist
foraging in Kesteven began.
9 W1 : Act of Parliament
passed: A Declaration and Ordinance for the Defence of the
12 H
161: Royalist cavalry occupied Grantham.
c. 12 H
161: Capt. Welby
of Spalding (R) crushed by troops from
13 H
: Crowland declared for the king
and raided Spalding.
16 FNQ 298: Ordinance for the regulation of the Eastern Association.
late H
161: Belvoir taken for the
king.
Feb P 179: ‘Eastern Association’, new Parliamentarian army,
organised.
IB :
IB : The Royalist
garrisons at Grantham, Belvoir,
22 SR 72: The
Queen landed supplies (from
23 SR 83: Ballard
(P), commanding the Midland Association and
27 BCW : Ballard with 6,000 troops from Lincs,
Notts & Derbys pushed defenders back from outer defences at
28 H
161-5: Parliamentarian
assault on Newark failed. Lincs Parliamentarians generally demoralized.
end FNQ 860:
Richard Wyche of Crowland, having been on the
Royalist side at the Siege of Crowland, claimed that he was so under duress.
Mar FNQ 758: Royalists
outfaced at
7 SR 72: The
Queen and her supplies were at
21 BCW : Cromwell took
23 BCW : Cavendish and Henderson from
23 SR 84: Cavendish
and Henderson (R) from
24 H
163: Royalists took Grantham.
Spring PT 84-5: At Grantham, numerous people charged with high treason for
having supported the Parliamentarian side, among them Irby and Ellis MPs for
H 150: Sir
Daniel Deligne of Harlaxton (grid ref.
SK884326) had retired from his home into obscurity to avoid involvement with
either side.
PT 85: Royalists held a
Commission of Array at Louth and were surprised by 4 troops (P) of horse from
Apr PT 84:
IB :
IB :
by early H
163: Grantham, Stamford and Peterborough taken by
Royalists.
11 H
164:
11 SR 84: Cavendish
with Henderson (R), beat
13 G 6: Report
to
13 H 166: Cromwell
(P) won a skirmish against cavalry at Belton (grid ref.
SK9339). Hotham’s duplicity exposed.
14 PT 84: Boston
Corporation procured the loan of 16 canon from
midst SG
333-5: Crowland garrisoned for the
king. Parliamentarian troops entered
18 SG 92: Cromwell’s
troops arrived in
about
21 SG 92: Cromwell injured
in a riding accident in Peterborough Cathedral close; incapacitated for a
fortnight.
22 BCW: Cromwell (P) occupied
22 M xvi: Robert of Swaffham’s
book saved from the general destruction in Peterborough Cathedral.
on or about 22 SR 84: Cromwell occupied
SG preface: The trooper
involved in the saving of Robert of Swaffham’s Book
was serving under Capt Cromwell, the Colonel’s son.
25 BCW : Cromwell
joined Irby and Hobart in the siege of Crowland.
about
27 G 7: Ireby (P) captured Crowland so easing
28 PT 84: Boston
Corporation forewent its May day banquet, using the money (£20) to buy two of
the guns mentioned under 14 April..
28 BCW : Cromwell, Hobart and Irby (P) captured the Royalist garrison of Crowland.
28 SG 92: Crowland
taken by Parliamentarians.
28 FNQ 760: Report that Cromwell’s force smashed glass
and organs at Peterborough Cathedral. The year given is 1642 but this probably
mistaken.
29 H
165-6: Crowland taken by Cromwell (P).
May PT 84: Cromwell
victorious over Royalists at Croyland.
H 178: Parliamentarians
seized the wool from 13,000 sheep on Lord Hussey’s Honington
estate.
beginning FNQ
761: Crowland Royalists abducted Spalding Parliamentarians.
5 SG 93: Cromwell’s
troops moved from
9 SR 84: Cromwell,
Hotham & Willoughby (P) joined at Sleaford but it was too late for them to
implement
9 BCW : Troops of Cromwell (P), Willoughby
(P) and Hotham (P) gathered at Sleaford
for an attack on
9 H
166: Cromwell (P) foraged in western
Kesteven.
11 BCW :
13 BCW : Newarkers (R) attacked Grantham where
Cromwell (P) first showed his skill as a cavalry commander.
13 P 180: Battle
of Grantham: first victory for Cromwell (P) and Eastern Association (P). (Cromwell coming to notice G
7.)
13 SR 84-5: Cavendish via
Gainsborough and Henderson, direct from
middle G
7: Having taken Crowland, troops
(P) were quartered around Sleaford. They then moved on to subdue Royalist raids
from Gainsborough into Lindsey.
24 SR 85: Rendezvous
of Parliamentarian commanders at Nottingham with a view to moving north to
support
27 PT 84: Letter
from
late H 167: With
Cromwell and Hotham at
by the end SR 54: Lord
Grey of Groby had assembled 5,000 – 6,000 troops (P)
in the Nottingham Area.
Jun H 178: Newarkers
® drove off beasts worth £2,000 from Sir W. Armyne’s Osgodby estate.
early H 167: Belvoir forces (R) ranged over the
CD 15: House of Sir
William Armyne (P) at Osgodby, plundered by Baptist Noel of Exton’s troops
from Belvoir
2 BCW : Parliamentarian commanders conferred at
2 SR 85: Commanders
(P), meeting at Nottingham wrote to Fairfax (P) to the effect that Newcastle
(R) was sufficiently weakened by defeat at
3 G 7: Royalists
from Gainsborough, raiding in Louth, withdrew hastily when defeated by Ireby’s force.
4 BCW : The Queen left
4 SR
54: The
Queen left
10 WM3 : ‘The parliamentary army was beat by the
royalists under Colonel Cavendish, at Donington’.
10 SG 335: At Yaxley, Hunts, Capt
Beaumont’s soldiers (P) broke open the church doors, urinated in the font and
baptized a horse and mare.
before 13 H
167: Newarkers plundered House of Sir
William Armyne (P) at Osgodby.
13 H
167-8: At Donington, Newarkers (R), foraging at Donington, ambushed Bostonians
en route to reinforcing the Parliamentarian army at
16 BCW : The Queen arrived at
18 BCW : Hotham junior arrested at
21 BCW : The Queen left
21 SR 85: The
Queen left
22 FNQ 760: Report of Royalist force rounding up
Parliamentarian raiders near Sleaford. The year given is 1642 but this is
probably mistaken.
29 BCW : Arrest of the Hothams,
father and son, at
30 P 180: Adwalton Moor. Fairfax (P) defeated.
Jul 1 BCW : Fairfax (R) broke out from Bradford to
withdraw to
1 SR 54:
2 BCW : Cavendish (R) cleared the
2 SR 54: Cavendish
(R) cleared the
4 BCW: The Fairfaxes
(R) reached
10 W1 : Parliament
passed: Ordinance for securing the town of
10 W1 : Parliament passed: Ordinance for the indemnity of the Mayor of Hull and others for seizing the forts, and the persons of Sir John Hotham and Sir Edward Rhodes, and Captain Hotham.
11 SR 54: Rupert
and the Queen met at
12 W1 : Parliament
passed: Order for raising forces in the Parts of Holland in the
13 SG 334: Captains
Barton and Hope from Notts and
mid SR 86: Newarkers
(R) sallied forth and recaptured
16 SR 86:
16 G 7:
19 SR 86: Cromwell
(P) retook
20 T : Earl
of
20 BCW :
20 IB :
22 W1 : Parliament
passed: Ordinance appointing the Lord Fairfax governor of the town of
24 H
168: Royalists at Burghley House
surrendered to Cromwell.
24 SR 86: Royalists
at Burghley House
surrendered to Cromwell.
24 IB : Cromwell
(P) took Burghley House.
24 CD
15: Sir Wingfield Bodenham (R) of
Ryhall taken prisoner at Burghley.
24 BCW : Capt. Hotham escaped from Nottingham and
went to
soon
after 24 IB : Cavendish (R)
laid siege to Gainsborough, held by Willoughby (P).
25 BCW : Parliament ordered Cromwell and Meldrum to
support
26 SR 86: Cromwell rejoined Meldrum at Grantham.
26 SR 86: Gainsborough was being blockaded by Cavendish’s brigade (R).
27 BCW : Cromwell (P) and Meldrum (P) made a
rendezvous at
27 SR 86: Meldrum
(P) met up with Capt. Edward Ayscoughe (P), the
commander of
27 G 7: Cromwell
and Meldrum (P) beat Cavendish (killed) but
27 IB : Cromwell
(P) and Meldrum (P) from Nottingham united at
soon
after 27 IB : Newcastle (R)
crossed the
28 SR 86: Leaving
28 SR 86-89: Description of the
28 BCW : Cromwell and Meldrum defeated Cavendish at
Gainsborough but withdrew on the approach of
FM 178: Cromwell (P) beat
Cavendish (R) at Lea, near Gainsborough.
28 P
180: Battle of
Gainsborough. Cromwell (P) the winner.
28 BCW : Cromwell (P) and Meldrum (P) Beat
Cavendish (R) at Gainsborough but withdrew under threat from
30 BCW :
30 G 7:
30 T : Earl of
Newcastle at Grantham.
Jul/Aug H : Royalists raised taxes in Bourne.
PT 85: Lord Willoughby of Parham had his
headquarters in
SR 89: The Earl of
Newcastle was reluctant to move far out of his northern area of command. He
therefore did not go to the King at
Aug during IB : Parliamentarian
forces in Lincs pulled back in disarray, to
during IB : Royalist forces garrisoned Lincoln, Tattershall,
Bolingbroke & Mablethorpe.
during IB : Not wishing to advance into the
Eastern Counties leaving Hull in his rear, Newcastle (R) neglected Boston and
besieged Hull.
5 SR 89:
6 G 7-10: Willoughby
of Parham at
8 G 10:
8 PT 85:
8 SR 90: The
Eastern Association was originally primarily an organization for raising
supplies and men for Parliament’s army.
The scare caused by Royalists’ success in
10 G 13:
10 BCW : The Earl of Manchester made commander of
the Eastern Association’s army and ordered to stop
mid BCW : Lestrange at
mid PT 85: Newcastle
(R), moving on
16 SR 90: A
Parliamentary ordinance empowered the Eastern association to impress up to
20,000 men.
23 SR 90 Parliament’s
demand for the raising of 20,000 men for its army led to a pro-Royalist rising
at
23 H
170: Lynn declared for the King
and received no support.
25 SR 90: Fairfax
(P) forced by
28 BCW : Fairfax (P) left Beverley as Newcastle (R)
moved to lay siege to
29 PT 86:
to end
of year PT 85:
during
the siege of Lynn SR 91: Willoughby (P) and Cromwell (P) commanded a
covering force based at
Sep 1 SR 90: (
a week after 25th August) Newcastle (R) began his siege of
2 BCW :
13 SR 90: Parliamentarians
at
c.14 FNQ965: News of the fall of Lynn (R) to the Earl
of Manchester, reached
15 H
170: Lynn (R) surrendered.
16 BCW:
18 G 13: Transfer
of
19-26 G 13: Parliament had naval supremacy in the
20 W1 : Parliament
passed: Ordinance adding
H :
22 BCW: Cromwell (P) brought supplies to
24 G 13-14:
26 G 13: transfer
of 400 infantry into
26 BCW :
26 SR 91:
c.27 G 14: Skirmish
at Horncastle as the cavalry (P) was attacked.
28 G 14: Enquiry
into
Oct H 178: Parliamentarians
took livestock worth £1,794 from Honington.
start FM 178: Royalists dominant in Lindsey uplands. Parliamentarians dominant in the Marsh and
5 BCW : Eastern Association foot under Meldrum (P)
reinforced
6 G 14: Cromwell
at
8 PT 83: Parliament
decided that the costs of imprisoning Edward Heron should be defrayed from
goods seized from his house.
run up
to 9 FM 178:
run up
to 9 FM 179: The Parliamentarian
tactic seems to have been to appear to lay siege to Bolingbroke, so as to draw
in royalist forces so that they could be picked off.
9 FM 183: Henderson
(R) probably expected to find (P) forces around Bolingbroke but they had been
advanced a couple of miles and were met unpreparedly.
9 BCW :
9 H
: Manchester
left
9 G 14:
10 SR 91: Cromwell,
10 P
180: Fairfax,
supported by Cromwell’s cavalry, routed Royalists at Winceby (grid ref.
TF1368).
11 H
170-1: Royalists from
11 H
171: Fairfax (P) sallied from
12 IB :
c.14 G 14: Bolingbroke
captured by
19 PT 89: Col. Fleetwood (P) took
two troops of Royalist horse near
20 H
171:
c. 20 BT 191:
2o on G 14: Manchester (P) drove all cattle within
reach of
H 171: Cromwell &
Fairfax moved into Kesteven skirmishing to prevent incursions from Newark (R)
& Belvoir (R).
H 171: Lord Willoughby of
Parham cleared the Lindsey coast of minor Royalist garrisons.
23 BT 191:
24 BCW : Parliament passed an ordinance for the
impressment of troops.
Nov BCW
: The focus of activity moved to
the south of
early H 171: Lord Willoughby of Parham occupied and
fortified Brigg; probably against incursions from Gainsborough (R).
10 G 14:
Dec BT 192: The King, at
early G 14:
early PT 88:
c.12 RJP : Possible
time of the destruction of Bourne
Abbey chancel. See the article on the Browne Monument.
14 PR
209: Elizabeth Gee buried in
Bourne, having been “shott by ye souldgeirs”.
20 H
171: Gainsborough taken by Colonel Sir John Meldrum
(P), from
20 BCW : Gainsborough taken by the Earl of
Manchester (P).
29 PT 88: Fairfax left
Folkingham for Nantwich
with 1800 horse and 500 dragoons.
1644 < > *
Jan 7 PT 89: Cromwell at Bedford
12 H 172: Newarkers raided Harmston and Waddington (grid ref. SK976642), taking
three of Cromwell’s crack troops unawares.
16 SR 100-1: Newarkers
(P) raided Nottingham unsuccessfully. Then
Meldrum (P) moved in on Newark
19 BCW : Scottish
invasion of England
SR 104: Newcastle (R) moved north from Yorkshire
to face the Scottish army. Royalist officers from the Oxford
22 G 16: Differences
of view between Cromwell, Willoughby and Manchester came to a head at Westminster
26 W : Battle of Nantwich.
(perhaps 24 or 25 Jan see Battle
of Nantwich)
28 SR 104: Belasyse (R), from the Oxford Army appointed Governor of
York. Similarly, Lucas assigned to the Northern Army.
end H : Lincolnshire
Feb by 29 H 172: Isle of Axholme cleared of
Royalist forces.
29 BCW : Parliamentarian
forces from Derbys , Leics, Lincs and Notts
advanced towards Newark
29 H 172: Siege of Newark
T : Events of the Second
Battle of Newark.
Mar 6 BCW : Meldrum (P) joined the siege of Newark
8 BCW : storming of Newark
12 BCW : The King ordered Prince Rupert to relieve Newark
21 H 172: Newark
22 SR 103: Gainsborough
abandoned by its garrison (P).
23 SR 102: Lincoln
23 H 173: Lincoln
SR 104: Gainsborough and Lincoln thinly garrisoned by Rupert (R) but he
had not the men to pursue his success further into the county.
26 W1 : Parliament
passed: Ordinance for Excise money raised in Hull
27 G 20: Rupert
left Newark for Shrewsbury
Mar/Apr H 181: Commissioners of array (R) raised men and money at Bourne, Lincoln
Apr W Siege of York: Parliamentarian
forces investing York were supplied via Hull
FNQ 1125: Manchester
8 G 20: King (P)
took Crowland but left Boston
11 W Siege of York : Thomas
Fairfax (P), returning from Nantwich to Hull
25 H 173: Manchester
(P) entered Stamford
27 V 58: The
constables of South Kyme spent 2s.1d. for accommodation of troopers (P) at John Blacket’s.
May H
177:
3 H 173:
6 H 173:
W Siege of
14 FNQ 298: Ordinance for financing the forces of the
(specifically) seven Eastern Association.
16 V
58: A messenger of the Earl of
Manchester (P) was accommodated at South Kyme and supplied with a guide on his
journey to
28 W1
: Parliament passed: Ordinance for
the Excise of Hull to be paid to Lord Fairfax for support of the Garrison
there.
29 LDB
: St Swithin’s
church and many houses burnt down in
Jun - early H
174: Royalists occupied
27 W1
: Parliament passed: Ordinance for
the establishment of a garrison at
30 W
: Siege of
Jul IB : Royalists
captured Stamford
2 P 180: Battle of Marston
Moor. Cromwell (P) defeated Prince Rupert
(R).
16 W Siege of York
Aug H : County
civil committee including Sir Thos Trollope of Bourne, petitioned Manchester
PR x: Manchester ’s troops at Lincoln
6 IB : Manchester (P) was back in Lincoln and Parliamentarian detachments were
quartered before Newark
8/9 V 58: Capt.
Harrington’s troop (P) , Major Twistleton’s horse (P)
and Col. Rainborow’s contingent (P) accommodated at
South Kyme. The last went on to Sleaford with a Kyme guide.
22 G 21: King,
having antagonized everyone, was finally replaced as Governor of Boston. The
new man was Thomas Hatcher, of Careby.
Sep IB : Manchester
(P) moved to the Thames Valley leaving Royalist parties from Newark free to
raid Sleaford, Caistor, Crowland, Louth, Torksey & Great Gonerby.
2 BCW: The centre of English events was by now in Cornwall England
3 H : Earl of Manchester
left Lincoln
4 PR x: Earl of Manchester left Lincoln
5 G 21: Earl of Manchester cleared from Lincolnshire Stamford Boston
6 PR
209: A soldier of the Earl of
Manchester’s Regiment buried.
8 PR
x: Earl of
8 BCW : Friction between Cromwell (P) and both
Crawford (P) and
mid H 174: Rossiter (P) was building fortifications at Sleaford but
was forced to withdraw to
late H 174: Much
royalist raiding in Kesteven and Lindsey.
Oct -
early H : Royalists from Belvoir plundered
around
19 PT 89: Col.
Fleetwood took two troops of Royalist horse near Belvoir and carried them to
23 SLHI : Colonel
Fleetwood was at Horbling.
29 H
: Rossiter
(P) surprised 2000 relief for Crowland at
end SLHI A
large Parliamentary force had moved to Bourne.
Nov 19 BCW: Eastern Association complained to
Parliament about the cost of retaining its regional army.
Dec -
early H : Crowland surrendered.
H : Seizure of Gonerby
(grid ref. SK897381).
19 BCW : Parliamentarians’ friction resulted in the
Self-Denying Ordinance. MPs could no longer be military commanders.
During
1645 WW
318-9: Blaeu’s Regiones Inundatae map published.
During
1645 WM3: In Gosberton, losses to Royalist raids in
the course of 1645 were valued at £1,396: List of damages
suffered.
Jan 2 T : The
Hothams, father and son, executed by
Parliamentarians.
6 W
: Formation of the New Model Army
instigated.
10 P 181: Laud executed.
Feb 24 BCW : Langdale (R)
routed Rossiter’s (P) force at Market Harborough.
Mar 31 BCW : Parliament imposed fixed taxes to finance
the New Model Army.
Apr W : New Model Army came into being.
3 W1 : Parliament
passed: Ordinance for raising monies in the
BCW : Revised Self-Denying Ordinance passed by
the Lords. Earls of Essex,
May T : Leicester
attacked by Royalists to draw
SLHI : Winifred Browne petitioned Parliament
saying that the Royalists had taken all she had.
9 G 24: Following
the Self Denying Ordinance and the establishment of the New Model Army, Rossiter formally took military control in
30 BCW :
31 T : Fall
of
Jun IB : Royalist
forces captured Hougham House (grid ref. SK8844).
1 P
181: Prince Rupert (R) captured and
sacked Leicester.
10 H
: Hougham House seized by Royalists in the absence of Rossiter who swiftly re-took it.
14 P
181: Battle of Naseby Royalist
infantry defeated.
18 IB : (BB pp. 64-5)
18 BCW :
20 BCW : Lord Leven and the Covenanters advanced
to
July 2 BCW : Covenanters moved westwards from
21 BCW :
25 BCW :
end G 24:
Aug 1 H
: Newarkers destroyed Torksey
(P) fortifications.
6 W1 : Parliament
passed: Ordinance to raise £2,800 a month in
LDB : St Botolph’s
church fell down.
8 H
: Rout of raiding Newarkers at
Carlby (grid ref. TF050140).
12 W1 : Parliament
passed: Ordinance for raising money in the Counties of the Eastern Association
for the reduction of
15 BCW : King
Charles at Welbeck.
18 BCW : The King
advanced to
18 T: The
king, arrived in
19 G 24-25: Parliament gave orders for the strengthening of the defence works
at
20 BCW : The King
withdrew towards
23 T : King Charles arrived
in Huntingdon having withdrawn from Doncaster via
23 BCW : The
King’s army occupied and plundered Huntingdon.
28 BCW : The
King’s army back in
Sep H : Estates near Sleaford subject to
taxes from both sides.
3 W1 : Parliament
passed: Ordinance to raise monies in the Eastern Association for the
maintenance and pay of the garrisons at Newport Pagnell,
4 G 25: The
rents from two sequestered estates allowed by Parliament to
23 BCW : House of
Commons voted to ask Leven’s Scottish army to lay siege to
W1 : Parliament passed: Ordinance for the employment for two
months of the 800 Horse in
24 P
181: Battle of Rowton
Heath. Royalist cavalry defeated.
25 BCW : The King
left
Oct 4 BCW : The King
arrived at
mid T : The
King and Rupert (R) were arguing
at Newark
11 PR
x: The King Charles was at
11 PR
x: (folio 191d) The garrison of Bourne Castle began.
13 PR
x: The king moved to Welbeck (grid
ref. SK560740).
14 PR
x: The king returned to
16 BCW :
21 BCW :
26 BCW : Discontent in the Royal camp. Rupert
moved to Belvoir.
26 T : Rupert
withdrew
to Belvoir.
Nov 3 BCW : The King left
late H
176: Scots before
27 T : Lord
Leven’s Scottish army began Third Siege of Newark.
27 BCW : Leven’s Covenanters and Poyntz’s Northern Association army started the third siege
of
Dec 2 G 26:
8 BCW :
Feb 3 H
176: Belvoir (R) captured.
28 W1 : Parliament passed: Ordinance for
payment out of the Excise of £20,000 for the forces raised by the Eastern
Association for the siege of
Mar H 176: Newark closely invested.
1 PT 89: Parliament
ordered the disgarrisoning of
Apr 27 L 26: King
Charles escaped from
30 L 26: Charles
possibly stayed at 9 Barnhill,
May 3 L 26: Having been intercepted by Dr. Hudson
at Downham Market, Charles went to Little Gidding and possibly stayed at Mr. Cave’s house off
4 L 26: Charles
possibly left Mr. Cave’s, Blackfriars House (R), for Southwell.
5 P
181: Charles
surrendered to Scots at Southwell
[having passed through
6 BCW : The King
ordered the surrender of
7 BCW : The King
taken northwards from
8 H
176: Newark surrendered
13 BCW : The King
arrived in
28 FNQ
860: John Oldfeild of Spalding, having
been a soldier at
Jun 24 P
182: Oxford surrendered.
Aug 19 B
49: £50/annum sequestered from Heckington
for the vicar of Bourne.
Oct 5 H
190: Kesteven quarter sessions at Folkingham: Colonel
King addressed the grand jury denouncing the
Lincolnshire Committee.
Dec 31 BCW : Lords and Commons agreed that the King
should be taken to Holmby House in Northants.
Jan 11 H
192: Sessions at Sleaford: Colonel King
addressed grand jury denouncing the Committee.
Feb 3 T : Charles
left
16 T : Charles
arrived at Holdenby, in Northamptonshire, in English
Parliamentarian hands, [having passed through
Mar 1 G 27:
1648 < * By this time there was much civil unrest
throughout the country as Royalist supporters staged demonstrations and unpaid
soldiers and sailors complained.
Jan 29 SG 85: Bishops’ palace at
Jun early L
26: Dr. Hudson (R) raising troops
at
Jun 5 W1 : Parliament passed: Ordinance to raise a Troop of Horse in
FNQ 517 Skirmish at Woodcroft House, Etton. (See also
DNB, Michael Hudson,
2007)
July 3 W1 : Parliament passed: Ordinance for settling the Militia of the
11 W1 : Parliament passed: Ordinance amending those of 5th June and
3rd July for the maintenance of troops in
Jan 22 W1 : Parliament passed: Act for the
Committee of the
May 29 W1 : Parliament passed: Act for draining the Great Level of the
Fens extending itself into the counties of Northampton, Norfolk, Suffolk,
Lincoln, Cambridge, and Huntingdon, and the Isle of Ely, or some of them.
Dec 10 W1 : Parliament passed: Act constituting an High Court of Justice
within the Counties of Norfolk, Suffolk, Huntingdon, Cambridge, Lincoln, the
counties of the cities of Norwich and Lincoln and within the Isle of Ely.
Aug 19 W1 : Parliament passed: Act concerning the
Minster of Peterborough.
1656
RJP: In 2011, a segment of an oak beam
was put on display in
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