BoAr: Civil War: chronology
http://boar.org.uk/oriwxs5CivilWarLincs(chron.htm Latest
edit 5 Aug 2008.
©2006
R.J.PENHEY
The Bourne Archive
Bourne History
The Civil War in
Chronology of Dates and Events
The purpose
of this page is to bring notes together from various sources to show any
patterns of activity of which each detail may form a part.
Go to - References Chronology Years 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648
The letters in bold refer to the
following references:
B Birkbeck, J.D. A History of Bourne, (1976)
BB Bennett, S. & Bennett, N. An Historical Atlas of
BCW
British Civil Wars web
site.
BT Blois Turner, S. Sir Edward Lake’s Interview
with Charles I
CB Brears, C. A Short History of
CD
Davies, C. Stamford and the Civil War (1992) ISBN
1-871615-29-1
EB Encyclopaedia Britannica (1962)
FM Massingberd, F.C. The
FNQ Sweeting, W.D. ed. Fenland Notes and Queries (late
nineteenth century periodical)
G Garner, A.A. Boston and the Great Civil War (1972)
ISBN 0-902662-56-2
H Holmes, C. Seventeenth-Century
L Linton, T. Where Did King Charles Sleep? in Really
LDB Anon. The
Date Book for Lincoln and Neighbourhood. (latest entries 1866)
M Martin, J.D. The Cartularies and Registers
of
P Palmer, A. & V. The Chronology of British History
from 250,000 BC to the Present Day. (1992) ISBN 0-7126-2173-3
PR Foster,
C.W. ed, The Parish Registers of Bourne in the County of Lincoln 1562-1650,
Lincolnshire Record Society (1921)
PT Thompson, P. The History and Antiquities of
RJP Penhey,
R.J. My own notes on the subject. (See the reference mentioned.)
SG
Gunton, S. The
History of the
SLHI The South
Lincolnshire Historical Institute web site (This site now appears to be closed.
This information is therefore un-referenced.)
SR Reid, S. All
The King’s Armies. (2007) ISBN 978-1-86227-380-1
V Varley, J. The Parts of Kesteven: Studies in Law and
Local Government.
WM3
Marrat, W. History of
WW Wheeler,
W.H. A History of the Fens of
The bold letters in the table are followed
by the relevant page numbers or in the case of FNQ, the article number.
(P)
indicates Parliamentarian.
(R)
indicates Royalist.
Maps of the distribution of control are
included by courtesy of Wikimedia
Commons.
Some
of the places mentioned are located by links to the Ordnance Survey site by kind permission
of the copyright owner of these maps, Ordnance Survey. © Crown copyright.
If your computer blocks
popups, the Ordnance Survey map may not appear automatically. Click on the ‘go’
button by the grid reference.
The following are links to a national
Civil War chronology (T), year by
year. 1642:
1643: 1644: 1645: 1646: 1647: 1648: 1649: 1650: 1651:
The
British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate (BCW) set of chronologies
1638 to 60.
The British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate (BCW) Lincolnshire
actions.
There
are links to documents dealing with this period on the FNQ page.
In
the following Chronology table, click on < to go to the start of the previous year. Click on > to go to the start of the next year. Click on * for Go to options.
WW Drainage schemes were produced in
greater number as the 17th century progressed, many coming to
fruition in the 1630s.
WW 128: Sutton Marsh granted to Duke of Lenox with
power to embank & inclose.
Aug 20 BCW: Scottish Covenanter army invaded
Nov 3 P 177: Long
Parliament met under leadership of Pym.
9 H 152: Sir John Wray presented a petition re. loss of commoners’ lands.
19 H 152: Earl Lincoln [Theophilus Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln
(1600-1667)] presented a petition against Earl
Lindsey’s drainage scheme.
Apr H
153: Enclosures broken down in Pinchbeck.
16 H 142: Holes, MP for Grimsby, advocated war with Scotland and was expelled from
Parliament.
May 12 P
178: Strafford
executed.
Summer H 152-3: Serious unrest in Holland Fen (grid ref. TF2347) & Lindsey Level
over loss of rights. (See BB 72-3 for the drainage scheme areas. For greater detail,
see WW Chapter VII.)
Aug mid H 153-4: Harvest appropriated by Donington (grid ref. TF207356) fenmen from
land appropriated by Lord Lindsey’s adventurers.
Nov 27 H 142: Palmer, MP for
H
143:
H
143:
Oct H
152: Sanderson preached against
“covies of new doctrines spring up”.
Dec 27 SG84: 12 bishops of whom the Bishop of
Peterborough was one, arrested, charged with treason and confined in the Tower.
WW 296-7: Vermuiden and Burrell
produced separate schemes for drainage.
Jan 11 BCW: Sir John Hotham commissioned to secure
the magazine at
31 BCW: Hotham’s son and the East Riding Train
bands secured
Feb 23 BCW:
Mar H
154: Sheriff Heron confronted fen rioters at Boston.
Apr 23 BCW: Hotham refused entry to
28 FNQ
760: Report of Cromwell’s forces
smashing glass etc. in Peterborough
Cathedral. (Compare April 1643.)
29 SR
14: Having summoned the train band at
29 SR
68: The King was personally before
May H 145-6: Lincs became important in forming a territorial
link between Hull
and the centre of Parliamentarian power.
28 H 146: Lord
Willoughby of Parham (P) was newly appointed Lord Lieutenant of
28 H 146: Committee to implement the Militia Ordinance set up.
30 BCW:
by end H 154-5: Drained lands, in effect returned to
fen. Authorities humiliated.
WW 207: ‘A
little before Edgehill’ commoners of East, West and Wildmore Fens near Boston
demolished the adventurers’ works after the latter had been in possession for 7
years.
Summer H 146-7: Allegiances
fragmented in
Jun H155:
Reversal of fen drainage spread to
Axholme and the Marsh.
6 BCW: Parliament declared the Earl of Lindsey a
public enemy of the state, for supporting the King.
6 G
1:
7 G
1:
8 G
1:
10 G
1:
19 PT 81:
22 FNQ 760: Report of Royalist force rounding up
Parliamentarian raiders near Sleaford.
Jul 10 BCW: First military action of the war at Hull.
12 H 147: The king
well received in Lincoln.
12 H 148:
18 PT
81: High Sheriff of Lincs
petitioned Parliament to comply with the king’s wishes.
26 PT
81:
30 BCW: Siege of
Aug 1 BCW: The earl of Lindsey appointed Lieutenant-General
of the King’s army.
16 BCW: The King secured the arms and ammunition
of the
22 H 159: The king raised his standard at Nottingham. T. Lister (P) arrested at Colby Hall (grid ref. SK973609) by
the king’s orders.
24 G
12: Royalists had news of the
capture by Newarkers (R), of a train of 80 pack horses loaded with ammunition
intended for Manchester (P) at
29 PT 82: News
of capture of Royalists landed from a ship at Skegness reached
Sep PT
83: Sir Edward Heron, High
Sherriff of Lincs captured and taken via
PT 81:
Early G
12:
1 PT
82: Royalist gun-running ship
brought into
1 FNQ
758: Bishop of Ely arrested and
similar activity around
2 P 179: Public stage plays banned by Parliament nationally.
5 SR
15:
6 FNQ 1113: Royalists captured from ships at Skegness arrived
in
10 SR
14: Essex (P) opened his headquarters
at
13 SR
14: Faced with opposition from
centres at
19 PT
81: Newspaper report of seizure of
Royalist grain ship with Royalists from
20 SR
14: The King arrived in
27 H 159: Parliament wanted
Oct 4 H 159: Sheriff’s
house, Cressey Hall (grid ref. TF224304) had been fortified .
23 P 179: Battle
of Edge Hill. Lord Lindsey killed.
23 BT 190:
Nov 2 G
6:
22 G
6: Commons allotted money for speeding
Irby’s troops into
Nov/Dec H Lord Willoughby of Parham (P) strong in
Dec beginning
SR 82: Sir John Digby (R) occupied
early H In Lord Lindsey’s (R) area (
9 G
6: Ireby (P) passed across the
Humber to
mid H 160: J. Henderson (R) occupied Newark.
15 SR
82: A Parliamentary Ordinance set
up the Midland Association, incorporating the shires of Leicester,
20 SR 82: Parliamentary
Ordinance set up the Eastern Association, initially incorporating Essex,
18 BCW: Royalist garrison of
[RJP: Henceforth, if not before
this, until May 1646, the lines of the A15 and A16 roads would be substitutes
for the
25 EB
16/362 Isaac Newton born at Woolsthorpe by
Colsterworth.
Jan early BCW: First edition of Merurius Aulicus.
H 161: Under Newark pressure, Gainsborough
fortified for the king.
early H 160: Royalist foraging in Kesteven began.
12 H 161: Royalist
cavalry occupied Grantham.
c. 12 H 161: Capt.
Welby of Spalding (R) crushed by troops from
13 H Crowland
declared for the king and raided Spalding.
16 FNQ 298: Ordinance for the regulation of the Eastern Association.
late H 161: Belvoir taken for the
king.
Feb P
179: ‘Eastern Association’, new Parliamentarian army,
organised.
22 SR
72: The Queen landed supplies (from
23 SR
83: Ballard (P), commanding the
Midland Association and
27 BCW: Ballard with 6,000 troops from Lincs,
Notts & Derbys pushed defenders back from outer defences at
28 H 161-5: Parliamentarian
assault on Newark failed. Lincs Parliamentarians generally demoralized.
end FNQ 860:
Richard Wyche of Crowland, having been on the Royalist side at the Siege of
Crowland, claimed that he was so under duress.
Mar FNQ
758: Royalists
outfaced at
7 SR 72 The
Queen and her supplies were at
21 BCW: Cromwell took
23 BCW: Cavendish and Henderson from
23 SR
84: Cavendish and Henderson (R)
from
24 H 163: Royalists took Grantham.
Spring PT 84-5: At Grantham, numerous people
charged with high treason for having supported the Parliamentarian side, among
them Irby and Ellis MPs for
H 150: Sir Daniel Deligne of Harlaxton (grid ref.
SK884326) had retired from his home into obscurity to avoid involvement with
either side.
PT 85: Royalists
held a Commission of Array at Louth and were surprised by 4 troops (P) of horse
from
Apr PT 84:
by early H
163: Grantham, Stamford and Peterborough taken by
Royalists.
11 H 164:
11 SR 84: Cavendish
with Henderson (R), beat
13 G
6: Report to
13 H
166: Cromwell (P) won a skirmish
against cavalry at Belton
(grid ref. SK9339). Hotham’s
duplicity exposed.
14 PT
84: Boston Corporation procured the
loan of 16 canon from
midst SG 333-5: Crowland garrisoned for the king. Parliamentarian troops entered
18 SG
92: Cromwell’s troops arrived in
about 21 SG 92: Cromwell
injured in a riding accident in Peterborough Cathedral close; incapacitated for
a fortnight.
22 BCW: Cromwell (P) occupied
22 M
xvi: Robert of Swaffham’s book
saved from the general destruction in Peterborough Cathedral.
on or about 22 SR 84: Cromwell
occupied
SG preface: The trooper involved in the saving of Robert
of Swaffham’s Book was under Capt Cromwell, the Colonel’s son.
25 BCW: Cromwell
joined Irby and Hobart in the siege of Crowland.
about 27 G 7: Ireby
(P) captured Crowland so easing
28 PT
84: Boston Corporation forewent its
May day banquet, using the money (£20) to buy two of the guns menioned under 14
April..
28 BCW: Cromwell, Hobart and Irby (P) captured the
Royalist garrison of Crowland.
28 SG
92: Crowland taken by
Parliamentarians.
29 H 165-6: Crowland taken by Cromwell (P).
May PT 84: Cromwell
victorious over Royalists at Croyland.
beginning FNQ
761: Crowland Royalists abducted Spalding Parliamentarians.
5 SG
93: Cromwell’s troops moved from
9 SR
84: Cromwell, Hotham & Willoughby
(P) joined at Sleaford but it was too late for them to implement
9 BCW: Troops of Cromwell (P), Willoughby (P) and Hotham (P)
gathered at Sleaford for an attack on
9 H 166: Cromwell (P) foraged in western Kesteven.
11 BCW:
13 BCW: Newarkers (R) attacked Grantham where
Cromwell (P) first showed his skill as a cavalry commander.
13 P 180: Battle
of Grantham: first victory for Cromwell (P) and Eastern Association (P). (Cromwell coming to notice G
7.)
13 SR
84-5: Cavendish via Gainsborough and Henderson, direct from
middle G 7: Having
taken Crowland, troops (P) were quartered around Sleaford. They then moved on
to subdue Royalist raids from Gainsborough into Lindsey.
24 SR
85: Rendezvous of Parliamentarian
commanders at Nottingham with a view to moving north to support
27 PT
84: Letter from
late H 167: With
Cromwell and Hotham at
by the end SR 54: Lord
Grey of Groby had assembled 5,000 – 6,000 troops (P) in the Nottingham Area.
Jun early H 167: Belvoir forces (R) ranged over the
CD
15: House of Sir William Armyne (P)
at Osgodby,
plundered by Baptist Noel of Exton’s troops from Belvoir
2 BCW: Parliamentarian commanders conferred at
2 SR
85: Commanders (P), meeting at
Nottingham wrote to Fairfax (P) to the effect that Newcastle (R) was
sufficiently weakened by defeat at
3 G
7: Royalists from Gainsborough,
raiding in Louth, withdrew hastily when defeated by Ireby’s force.
4 BCW The Queen left
4 SR
54: The
Queen left
10 WM3: ‘The parliamentary army was beat by the
royalists under Colonel Cavendish, at Donington’.
10 SG 335: At Yaxley, Hunts, Capt Beaumont’s soldiers (P)
broke open the church doors, urinated in the font and baptized a horse and
mare.
before 13 H
167: Newarkers plundered House of Sir
William Armyne (P) at Osgodby.
13 H 167-8: At Donington, Newarkers
(R), foraging at Donington, ambushed Bostonians en route to reinforcing the
Parliamentarian army at
16 BCW: The Queen arrived at
18 BCW: Hotham junior arrested at
21 BCW: The Queen left
21 SR 85: The Queen left